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2019 т. 9 no 1
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- Pages
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6–7
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We are pleased to continue to acquaint readers with the latest developments in organizational psychology in 2019–1 issue of Organizational Psychology Journal. First of all, the editorial wholeheartedly congratulates Anna Borisovna Leonova on the Jubilee! In the “Research in Organizational Psychology” section of this issue you will find the article by Irina Blinnikova and Yuliya Ishmuratova “Analysis of cognitive competence of chemists: comparison between novices and professionals using eye tracker”, in which the authors describe and investigate what underlies the “superiority of experts” phenomenon. The “Organizational-psychological Practice” section presents two articles. Article by Ekaterina Strizhova and Aleksandr Evdokimenko “The use of wearable technologies in the practice of performance management in financial sector” presents the original methodology of organizational and psychological research with the use of wearable technologies and the practical possibilities of using such technologies in organizational practice. Takhir Yu. Bazarov and Alexander Paramuzov enrich the methodological tools of the organizational psychologist with the Russian version of the questionnaire “The Occupational Future Time Perspective” by H. Zacher and M. Frese”. Two more articles are posted in the “First Steps” section. In the article “Employee engagement: types, levels of realization and links with human resource management practices” by Pavel Smirnov identifies the distinctive features of the two types of employee engagement proposed in scientific literature — work engagement and organization engagement. Elena Yaroshenko discusses about the possibilities of using the eye tracking technology for detection the social and psychological features of emotional burnout. The “Organizational Psychology in Persons, Dialogues, and Discussions” section presented by the international team of authors Natalia Ivanova, Stephen Benton, Kathryn Waddington, Elena Makhmutova, who reflect on the possibilities of the development of modern applied psychology in the article “Trends and perspectives in business psychology. What are the outcomes of the fifth International scientificpractical conference “Business psychology: theory and practice”? In the “Conferences” section you will find materials on two important scientific and practical conferences held in Moscow at the end of 2018: “Organizational-psychological aspects of social and economic psychology problems: results and prospects of research” by Мaria Gagarina and “From science to practice: following the results of the II International Scientific and Practical Conference “Working emotional intelligence in business and education” by Elena Klevnaya and Wladimir Stroh. In the “Literary Guide” section you will find our traditional article about the 20 most cited and 20 most recent articles on Emotional Intelligence in Management and Education. Please Enjoy Reading! |
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8–12
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February 12, 2019, is the 70th anniversary of Anna Borisovna Leonova, Doctor of Psychology, Professor, Head of the Department of Psychology of Labor and Engineering Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Lomonosov Moscow State University. |
- Research in organizational psychology
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13–33
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Relevance. Global computerization of work makes it relevant to pay more and more attention to the cognitive competence of professionals. Identifying its structural and functional characteristicsis difficult due to latent knowledge and unconscious components of cognitive processing. These difficulties can be overcome by analyzing eye movement. Purpose: to explore the cognitive architecture of problem solving by specialists with different professional experience, to identify peculiarities of using knowledge at different stages of professionalization, to describe different levels of cognitive competence. Professional chemists were chosen as subjects for the investigation since this area of knowledge implies special ways of processing and representing the information essential for solving professional problems. Methodology. Both professional chemists (n = 22) and novices (n = 20) were asked to identify the substance molecule by choosing the correct answer from the given list (these could be either formulas or substance names). The task execution time, errors and eye movement indicators were recorded using the SMI hardware and software. Finding. More experienced chemists out performed less experienced ones in the speed and accuracy of molecule identification. In order to understand what was behind this “superiority”, we compared solving processes of different versions of the task and analyzed indicators of the subjects’ eye movements. The novices were less successful in situations where they were asked to match the images of the molecule with its name, which indicated the difficulties they had with the transition between different forms of representations. As for eye movements, the professionals showed shorter first fixations (indicating a faster orientation in the task) and a shorter average duration of fixations (indicating faster processing of information in general). Different strategies for task solving were identified. Professionals relied more on their knowledge,trying first to identify the molecule, construct a mental representation and then use it to select theanswer. The novices tried to find the solution in the presented information. Value of results. The revealed “superiority of experts” was due to a faster orientation in the task, faster processing of information, the use of representative strategies and more developed abilities to switch between different formats of representations.
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- Organizational psychology in practice
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34–56
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Purpose: is to try and to show the opportunities and prospects of wearable technologies in the performance management and HR practice. Approach: the study combines HRV monitoring data, KPI data and psychological diagnostics data. Among the indicators of HRV, the stress index is one of the most informative for characterizing the stress states of the central nervous system. The stress index was monitored in real time using a wearable device during the working day. Changes in performance indicators were also monitored during the working day at 30-minute intervals. Personal anxiety of employees (Charles D. Spielberger test in the adaptation of Y. L. Khanin) and involvement (“Test ofResilience” in the modification of E. N. Osin, E. I. Rasskazova) were also assessed. Findings. Evaluations of the relationship between HRV indicators and objective indicators of the working process and psychological diagnostics data are presented. Implications for practice. The original methodology of organizational and psychological research with the use of wearable technologies is presented, as wellas the practical possibilities of using such technologies in organizational practice. The results were interpreted for four subgroups of employees depending on the level of KPI (low or high) and the level of personal anxiety (low or high). For each subgroup recommendations for performance manager aregiven. A subgroup of employees with high KPI and high personal anxiety unites employees who are able to act as agents of task performance control. Employees with high KPI and low personal anxiety are a stable work resource within the business process. Employees with low KPI and high personal anxiety are united by the need for a mentor (coach). Employees with low KPI and low personal anxiety are ready to leave the organization.
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57–80
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Purpose. This article aims to analyze the psychometric properties of the Russian version of the Occupational Future Time Perspective (OFTP). This construct based on the socioemotional selectivity theory of L. Carstensen, in which the future time perspective is described as an open-endedor limited. There are three scales Focus on opportunities, Remaining time and Focus on limitationsin the OFTP. The article presents the structure of the scale, its convergent and discriminant validity, internal consistency and reproducibility. Methodology. We collected a sample of 154 workers via social networks. The CFA confirmed the constructive validity of the Russian version of the OFTP and its compatibility with the original version. A test-retest was performed to examine reproducibility (N = 62). Results. The CFA showed invariance and robustness of the factorial structure. The OFTP scale shave convergent and discriminant validity. The OFTP did not confirm reproducibility at the expected level (r < 0.70). All scales are reliable (0.75 < α < 0.91). Conclusion. The research results show thatthe Russian version of the OFTP has acceptable psychometric properties comparable to the original version. Value of the results. The Russian version of the OFTP was first published in this article. The OFTP can be used for scientific and practical purposes.
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- First Steps
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81–95
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The article deals with the theoretical approaches to the employee engagement typology in scientific literature, as well as the problem of taking into account individual and organizational levels of employee engagement in managerial decision-making. The purpose of the article is to identify the distinctive features of the two types of employee engagement proposed in scientific literature — work engagement and organization engagement, as well as the links reflecting the possible role of human resource management practices in the process of employee engagement management. The research methodology is theoretical modeling of employee engagement phenomenon from the human resource management perspective. The article consists of three logically connected sections. In the introduction, justification of the research topicality is provided. The main part provides a review of literature, which authors attempt to typologize the employee engagement, identifying such types as work engagement and organization engagement. In addition, this section provides an analysis of conditions and results of employee engagement at individual and organizational levels and describes the relationship between different aspects of this state and human resource management practices. The final section provides the research result — theoretical model which describes an employee engagement structure and a waythe different human resource management practices may presumably affect the formation of employee engagement and transformation of individual consequences of employee engagement into competitive advantages of organization. Value of results. Thus, this article can serve as a basis for further researchin the field of employee engagement in general and organizational employee engagement in particular.The findings of the study can be used in development of companies’ organizational policies regarding the field of human resource management.
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96–115
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The purpose of article is study of the socio-psychological characteristics of the emotional burnout over the attitude characteristics to the objects and subjects of work. Practical significance: the identified parameters of the oculomotor reactions will serve as a marker of the presence of this syndrome and will allow to further develop a hardware method for detecting burnout based on eye tracking technology. The theoretical significance is connected with the possibility of applying the obtained data to the development of an innovative non-base method for diagnosing emotional burnout. Goal: to identify the relationship between the features of emotional burnout and characteristics social cognition of workers, presented in terms of oculomotor reactions. Study design. Sample: 44 persons— 20 employees of the Federal Penitentiary Service of the Russian Federation in the Saratov regionand 24 respondents without work experience. The age range: 20-38 years. Methodology. Research methods: laboratory experiment based on eye tracking technology; Tests: Methods of diagnosing the level of emotional burnout by V. V. Boyko. Methods of statistical analysis: Rank correlation coefficient Ch. Spearman, Mann — Whitney U-test. The hypothesis of the study: the parameters of the oculomotor reactions have a reliable connection with the emotional burnout of the personality andare their markers. Findings: significant for establishing the burnout parameters are such parameters of oculomotor reactions as the total and maximum duration of fixations, the frequency of saccades, the average and total duration of blinks. Originality. The peculiarity of the article is the use of a socialcognitive approach to understanding the essence of emotional burnout and the attitudes of personality.
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- Organizational psychology in dialogues and discussions
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116–141
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The article analyzes the current state, trends and development prospects of business psychology based on the Fifth International Scientific and Practical Conference “Business Psychology: Theory and Practice (HSE, Moscow, Russia), which was held November, 30 — December, 1, 2018. The conference was prepared and held by the master’s program “Psychology in Business”, which is the domestic scientific and practical center for the development of business psychology — a new branch in applied psychology. Presentations, their discussion, workshops showed a growing interest of researchers and practitioners to business psychology. There has been a tendency to search for a deeper psychological validation of business psychological tools, search for integrated approaches that can be the basis for the development of business psychological practice. A more clear understanding of the structure of business psychology from the perspective of personal, organisational, social, cultural factors of business management was indicated. The strengths of business psychologists were identified in the context of their ability to solve problems systematically and rely on an interdisciplinary approach. The prospects for the development of business psychology are the following: the expansion of geography and subject areas of research and practical activities of business psychologists; implementation of business psychology in a wide rangeof areas of human activity; the impact of business psychology on the development of new approachesin management and organisational consulting.
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- Conferences
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142–147
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On December 7, 2018, the All-Russian Jubilee Scientific Conference “Problems of Social and Economic Psychology: Results and Perspectives of Research” was held at the Institute of Psychology of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
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148–165
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The article presents the main conclusions of the Second Annual International Scientific and Practical Conference “Working Emotional Intelligence in Business and Education”, which took place on December 7 and 8, 2018 in Moscow, Russia. For the second year, the conference serves as an innovative platform for discussing the subject of emotional intelligence, bringing together scientists, researchers and practitioners whose professional activity reveals the need tointegrate various aspects of emotional intelligence into business and education. The reports presentedat the sections and their further discussions demonstrated the importance of the topic ofemotional intelligence in modern society and outlined a range of problematic issues: in research and development, in professional activities in business, finance, high technology, and culture, art and creativity efficiency and self-development. During the conference, tools for diagnosing emotional intelligence, various methods and strategies for its development, ways of creating an emotional-intellectual culture and introducing its principles in organizations were presented.
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- Literary guide
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166–171
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Information about the 20 most cited and 20 most recent articles on emotional intelligence in Management and education has been collected from the Web of Science database. All publications have been found in the interdisciplinary fields of psychology. The search was performed on the query “emotional intelligence” and “management” in the themes of English-speaking publications within the following areas: management, education, individual development. All data act trivial at the time March 31, 2019.
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